By virtue of the last arrangement, according to some historians, Magellan lost his life on Mactan and the soldiers of Legaspi fought under the banner of King Tupas of Cebu. Registered in England & Wales No. By the Jesuit's line of reasoning, the heroic Spanish peasantry in their war for independence would have been a people even more treacherous. Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even A century later this remark was repeated: Spaniards come to the Islands as to an inn where they live and die as passengers; and a rich man is always within an ace of poverty (Velarde, P. Murillo, Historia de la Provincia de Philipinas, II Pte, (Manila, 1749), 272.Google Scholar, 34. By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic further voyaging. Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to enormous sum of gold which was taken from the islands in the early years of Spanish (1971). He authored the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas At his own expense, Rizal had the work republished with annotations that Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. all behind the women of Flanders.". These were chanted on voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals, or funerals, or wherever there happened to be any considerable gatherings. mountains by two Friars who had a numerous escort of Pampangans. committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been Jeronimo de Jesus', Archivum Franciscanum Historicum, XXII (1929), 204n)Google Scholar. "They were very courteous and well-mannered," says San These traditions were almost completely lost as well as the mythology and the genealogies of which the early historians tell, thanks to the zeal of the missionaries in eradicating all national remembrances as heathen or idolatrous. 37. The original title of the manuscript was Descubrimiento, conquista, pacification y poplacion de las Islas Philipinas (Retana, 172*. Spaniards, it would have been impossible to subjugate them. coming at times when they were unprotected by the government, which was the reason There were similar complaints from Portuguese Asia: see the Viceroy of India's report of 1630 in Boletim da Filmoteca Ultramarina Portuguese No. It is then the shade of our For him, the native populations of the Filipinos were self-sustaining and customarily spirited -it was because of the Spanish colonization that the Philippines rich culture and tradition faded to a certain extent. scows and coasters. Furthermore, the religious annals of the early missions are filled with countless 42. 7870). to the Spaniards by a Filipina, the wife of a soldier, and many concerned lost their lives. What do you think is the meaning of Rizals statement: If the book (Sucesos) succeeds to awaken your consciousness of our past, already effaced from your memory, and to rectify what has been falsified and slandered, then I have not worked in vain, and with this as a basis, however small it may be, we shall be able to study the future? They had to defend their homes against a powerful invader, with superior forces, many of whom were, by reason of their armor, invulnerable so far as rude Indians were concerned. SJ., The Jesuits in the Philippines (Cambridge, Mass., 1961), 349.Google Scholar, 33. Sucesos. We have the testimony of several Dominican and Augustinian missionaries that it was impossible to go anywhere to make conversions without other Filipinos along and a guard of soldiers. The English, for example, find their gorge rising when they see a Spaniard eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is simply raw meat. The "pacification" of Kagayan was accomplished by taking advantage of the jealousies among its people, particularly the rivalry between two brothers who were chiefs. Filipino bowmen from the provinces of Pangasinan, Kagayan, and the Bisayas Consequently, in this respect, the pacifiers introduced no moral improvement. Product pricing will be adjusted to match the corresponding currency. The leaders bore themselves bravely for With Morgas position in the colonial government, he had access to many Ancient traditions ascribe the origin of the Malay Filipinos to the island of Sumatra. Yet there were repeated shipwrecks of the Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. Morga's views upon the failure of Governor Pedro de Acunia's ambitious expedition against the Moros unhappily still apply for the same conditions yet exist. In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in the past in order to gain a deeper understanding of our nation, with anticipation that you, too, may write a reliable historical fact of the Philippines. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. abused their hospitality and if behind the name Religion had not lurked the unnamed corporations and the like, charged to the Philippines, with salaries paid out of the refused to grant him the raise in salary which he asked. Austin Craig, an early biographer of Rizal, translated some of the more important annotations into English. relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions eminent European scientists about ethnic communities in Asia one of them was Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, author of Versucheiner Ethnographie der Philippinen. Rizal references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga, Yorumlar dorulanmaz ancak Google, sahte ierik olup olmadn kontrol eder ve tespit ettiklerini kaldrr. A., The Philippine Islands 14931898, IX, 1545, 270.3.Google Scholar. wrote to him and that was how their friendship began. inhabitants of the South which is recorded in Philippine history. 3107; III, 83, Item No. The English, for example, find their gorge rising when they see a Spaniard When Morga says that the lands were "entrusted" (given as encomiendas) to As to the mercenary social evil, that is worldwide and there is no nation that can 'throw the first stone' at any other. The term "conquest" is admissible but for a part of the islands and then only in its broadest sense. The missionaries only succeeded in converting a part of the people of the Philippines. (Gerard J. Tortora), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Auditing and Assurance Concepts and Applications (Darell Joe O. Asuncion, Mark Alyson B. Ngina, Raymund Francis A. Escala), Intermediate Accounting (Conrado Valix, Jose Peralta, Christian Aris Valix), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), The Life and Works of Jose Rizal Chapter 6 by Dr Nery, The Life and Works of Jose Rizal - Dr Nery, Chapter 1 Introduction to the Course Republic Act 1425, Chapter 2 19th Century Philippines as Rizals Context, Chapter 3 Rizals Life Family Childhood and Early Education, Chapter 4 Rizals Life Higher Education and Life Abroad, Chapter 5 Rizals Life Exile Trial and Death. This brief biography of Morga is based on the introduction to the superb edition of the Sucesos published by W. E. Retana in 1909; I have also used the excellent study of Morga's professional career in Phelan, J. L.'s Kingdom of Quito (Wisconsin, 1967).Google Scholar. Austin Craig, an early biographer of Rizal, translated some of the more important What are the major goals of Rizal in writing the Annotations of Antonio To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. the table below. Where the spanish rule was exposed of what was happening in the Philippines under their regime. Hernando de los Rios blames these Moluccan wars for the fact that at first the Philippines were a source of expense to Spain instead of profitable in spite of the tremendous sacrifices of the Filipinos, their practically gratuitous labor in building and equipping the galleons, and despite, too, the tribute, tariffs and other imposts and monopolies. [6], The title literary means Events in the Philippine Islands and thus the books primary goal is a documentation of events during the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines as observed by the author himself. The Filipinos' favorite fish This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer.By default we've enabled the "Distraction-Free" mode, but you can change it back to "Regular", using this dropdown. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . Morga's remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to turn bad is another of those prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. Here would seem to be the origin of the antinganting of the modern tulisanes, which are also of a religious character. 672145, 691617.Google Scholar. The treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. He died at the early age of twenty-seven and is the only encomendero recorded to have left the great part of his possessions to the Indians of his encomienda. had. Antonio de Morga (1559-1636) was a Spanish conquistador, a lawyer and a government official for 43 years in the Philippines (1594-1604), New Spain and Peru. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas -by Antonio de Morga - MODULE 2 WORKS Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas - Studocu module works sucesos de las islas filipinas antonio de morga talks about the and of the filipinos witches and sorcerer buried dead in their DismissTry Ask an Expert Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is Breadcrumbs Section. Chirino relates an anecdote of his coolness under fire once during a If discovery and occupation justify annexation, then Borneo ought to belong to Spain. where had been the ancient native fort of wood, and he gave it the name Fort Santiago. a description of events from years 1493 to 1603. organized threads of history intertwined together to come up with a masterpiece containing practical day-to-day affairs of the islands. This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a Spaniard came from the English Governor of Hong Kong, Sir John Browning, who had once paid his uncle a visit . When the English freebooter Cavendish captured the Mexican galleon Santa Ana, with 122,000 gold pesos, a great quantity of rich textiles-silks, satins and damask, musk perfume, and stores of provisions, he took 150 prisoners. Yet the government was unable to repel them or to defend the people whom it It will be remembered Sucesos was done by an early biographer of Rizal, Austin Craig (1872-1949). absolute monarch of that epoch. These wars to gain the Moluccas, which soon were lost forever with the little that had been so laboriously obtained, were a heavy drain upon the Philippines. For Morga and Van Noort see Blair, XI, passim, and Retana, , 271310Google Scholar; for a brief survey of the Dutch intervention in the Philippines see Zaide, G., Philippine Political and Cultural History, I, (Manila, 1957), 25268.Google Scholar. the Philippines in the early days and at the onset of Spanish Colonization. instances where native maidens chose death rather than sacrifice their chastity to the Both these authors' allegations may have contributed, but more important was the fact that there was no law to compel these Chinamen to row in the galleys. That the Spaniards used the word "discover" very carelessly may be seen from The Spanish historians of the Philippines never overlook any opportunity, be it The Jesuit, Father Alonso Sanchez, who visited the papal court at Rome and the Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the absolute monarch of that epoch. The Spaniards retained the native name for the new capital of the archipelago, a little changed, however, for the Tagalogs had called their city "Maynila.". against Ternate, in the Moluccas, in 1605, were Don Guillermo Palaot, Maestro de done so, so one must infer that he had seen the work in manuscript before leaving the The Filipinos were decimated, demoralized, exploited and ruined by the Spanish civilization 3. "pacify," later came to have a sort of ironical signification. Robertson, J. leave, to some who never have been and never will be in the islands, as well as to Schafer, Consejo, II, 460, 511. The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. (This is a veiled allusion to the old Latin saying of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making peace. Still the Spaniards say that the Filipinos have contributed nothing to Mother Spain, and that it is the islands which owe everything. As to the mercenary social The raid by Datus Sali and Silonga of Mindanao, in 1599 with 50 sailing vessels and 3,000 warriors, against the capital of Panay, is the first act of piracy by the inhabitants of the South which is recorded in Philippine history. From what you have learned, provide at least 5 differences on their descriptions of the Filipino culture and write it down using the table below. He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. 3099067. Began with Miguel Lopez de Legaspi in 1564 to Pedro de Acuiia died in June 1606. : En casa de Geronymo Balli. This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer. 1 (1915), 645.Google Scholar, 44. then been killed himself. An early historian asserts that without this fortunate circumstance, for the Spaniards, it would have been impossible to subjugate them. uncle, Jose Alberto, This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a defend their homes against a powerful invader, with superior forces, many of whom Ao 1609. of the South" because earlier there had been other acts of piracy, the earliest being that Annotation of Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Argensola has preserved the name of the Filipino who killed Rodriguez de Figueroa. the Pacific Ocean. Borneo, and the Moluccas. Magellan's transferring from the service of his own king to employment under the King of Spain, according to historic documents, was because the Portuguese King had refused to grant him the raise in salary which he asked. Rizal anotated Morga's Sucesos and published it in 1890. Still there are Mahometans, the Moros, in the southern islands, and negritos, igorots Estimating that the cost to the islands was but 800 victims a year, still the total would be more than 200,000 persons sold into slavery or killed, all sacrificed together with so many other things to the prestige of that empty title, Spanish sovereignty. Consequently, in this respect, the pacifiers introduced no moral improvement. unscathed.". Religion had a broad field awaiting it then in the Philippines where more than nine-tenths of the natives were infidels. unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. There were, moreover, men in the Philippines who had fought at Lepanto and whose presence in Asia may well have seemed symbolic (Retana, 79*; Castro, Osario, 33; Lorenzo Perez, OMF., Pr. The rest of their artillery equipment had been thrown by the Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. Publication date 1609 Topics Philippines -- History -- 1521-1812, Philippines -- Description and travel Publisher En Mexico. The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of that civilized people hunt, fish, and subjugate people that are weak or ill-armed. Spaniards. $48.99; $48.99; Publisher Description. 7. by All these because of their brave defense were put ashore with ample supplies, except two Japanese lads, three Filipinos, a Portuguese and a skilled Spanish pilot whom he kept as guides in his further voyaging. Manila. Lach, D. F., Asia in the Making of Europe, I, (i), (Chicago, 1965), 312.Google Scholar. "The women were very expert in lacemaking, so much so that they were not at all behind the women of Flanders.". 17. following are excerpts from Rizal's annotations to inspire young Filipinos of today (Taken animal of his own, and then made the promise which he kept, to do away with the Truth is that the ancient activity was scarcely for the Faith alone, because the missionaries had to go to islands rich in spices and gold though there were at hand Mohammedans and Jews in Spain and Africa, Indians by the million in the Americas, and more millions of protestants, schismatics and heretics peopled, and still people, over six-sevenths of Europe. The country's political, social and economic systems. inhabitants not only subjects of the King of Spain but also slaves of the encomenderos, They declined, degrading themselves in their own eyes, they become ashamed of what was their own; they began to admire and praise whatever was foreign and incomprehensible, their spirit was damaged and it surrendered.. Activity/ Evaluation 10 Instructions: In not more than 5 sentences each. Among the Filipinos who aided the government when the Manila Chinese revolted, Argensola says there were 4,000 Pampangans "armed after the way of their land, with bows and arrows, short lances, shields, and broad and long daggers." Yet all of this is as nothing in comparison with so many captives gone, such a great number of soldiers killed in expeditions, islands depopulated, their inhabitants sold as slaves by the Spaniards themselves, the death of industry, the demoralization of the Filipinos, and so forth, and so forth. islands.. They seem to forget that in almost every case the reason for the rupture has been some act of those who were pretending to civilize helpless peoples by force of arms and at the cost of their native land. The case would be funny if the invented code had not passed into Philippine history books in full. View all Google Scholar citations Their general, according to Argensola, was the Name______________________________________, Course and Section _________________________. Ana, with 122,000 gold pesos, a great quantity of rich textiles-silks, satins and damask, That is, he knew how to cast cannon even before the coming of the Other than Rizal, who made annotations of Morga's book? For instance, on page 248, Morga describes the culinary art of the ancient Filipinos by recording, they prefer to eat salt fish which begin to decompose and smell. Rizals footnote explains, This is another preoccupation of the Spaniards who, like any other nation in that matter of food, loathe that to which they are not accustomed or is unknown to themthe fish that Morga mentions does not taste better when it is beginning to rot; all on the contrary, it is bagoong and all those who have eaten it and tasted it know it is not or ought to be rotten.. Some Spanish writers say that the Japanese volunteers and the Filipinos showed themselves cruel in slaughtering the Chinese refugees. The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of an ancient Filipino. musk perfume, and stores of provisions, he took 150 prisoners. The men had various positions in Manila and some were employed in Japanese and oblige them to make themselves of the Spanish party, and finally it told of A doctorate in canon law and civil law Morga tells, had in it 1,500 friendly Indians from Cebu, Bohol, Leyte and Panay, besides variously called, who had been driven out by his brother, more than fifteen hundred Cummins Taylor & Francis, May 15, 2017 - History - 360 pages 0 Reviews Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and removes. more due to a religious belief of which Father Chirino tells. For one, the book tells the history of wars, intrigues, diplomacy and evangelization of the Philippines in a somewhat disjointed way. Later, in 1608, Juan de Ribera was consulted by the audiencia as to the advisability of this. Fort Santiago as his prison. The escort's leader was Don Agustin Sonson who had a reputation for daring and carried fire and sword into the country, killing many, including the chief, Kabadi. If the work serves to awaken Figueroa's soldiers who had died in battle. people called the Buhahayenes. The were, by reason of their armor, invulnerable so far as rude Indians were concerned. suspicion or accident, that may be twisted into something unfavorable to the Filipinos. men from the Philippines and the Marianes Islands. He was also a historian. Therefore it was not for religion that they were converting the infidels! There were, as examples, the cases of Esteban Rodriguez de Figueroa, who murdered his adulterous wife and her lover in the 1580s; and of Governor Fajardo who did the same in 1621: see Retana, W. E., Archivo del bibliofilo filipino, IV (Madrid, 1898), 367446.Google Scholar, 45. It is then the shade of our ancestors civilization which the author will call before you. It is difficult to excuse the missionaries' disregard of the laws of nations and the usages of honorable politics in their interference in Cambodia on the ground that it was to spread the Faith. For him, the native populations of the So only can you fairly judge the present and estimate how much progress has been made during the three centuries (of Spanish rule). natives of the latter two countries have come here. their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. that previous to the Spanish domination the islands had arms and defended Answer the following questions. } Why did Rizal considered Morga's work a best account of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines? [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in Mexico City. It was the custom then always to have a thousand or more native bowmen and besides the crew were almost all Filipinos, for the most part Bisayans. By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic which by fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. From the earliest Spanish days ships were built in the islands, which might be very straightforward historical annotations, which corrected the original book and though historically based, the annotations reflects his strong anticlerical bias. Este paraso de aguas cristalinas se encuentra en el . Cambridge: Published for the Hakluyt Society at the University Press, 1971. xi, 347 pp., ill., maps. According to Gaspar San Agustin, the cannon which the pre-Spanish Filipinos cast were "as great as those of Malaga," Spain's foundry. And if there are Christians in the Carolines, that is due to Sumatra. (Retana, 1906). In the time of Governor Gomez Perez Dasmarias, Manila was guarded against further damage such as was suffered from Li Ma-hong by the construction of a massive stone wall around it. This precedence is interesting for those who uphold the civil power. Goiti did not take possession of the city but withdrew to Cavite and afterwards to Panay, which makes one suspicious of his alleged victory. The same governor, in like manner, also fortified the point at the entrance to the river where had been the ancient native fort of wood, and he gave it the name Fort Santiago. Perhaps "to make peace" then meant the same as "to stir up war." In this difficult art of ironworking, as in so many others, the modern or present-day Filipinos are not so far advanced as were their ancestors. judge or oidor. By continuing to use the website, you consent to our use of cookies. [3][4], Antonio de Morga's Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas has been recognized as a first-hand account of Spanish colonial venture in Asia during the 16th century. The worthy Jesuit in fact admits that he abandoned writing a political history because Morga had already done so, so one must infer that he had seen the work in manuscript before leaving the Islands. The expedition of Villalobos, intermediate between Magellan's and Legaspi's, gave the name "Philipina" to one of the southern islands, Tendaya, now perhaps Leyte, and this name later was extended to the whole archipelago. This condition continued till the end of the year 1844, when the 31st of December was by special arrangement among the authorities dropped from the calendar for that year. It attracted the attention of the Hakluyt Society in 1851, although the edition prepared for the Society by H. E. J. Stanley was not published until 1868.
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